Subcontract machinists Hi-Spec Precision Engineering usually produces parts from steel, bronze, brass and aluminium on its five Hurco machining centres.
At the weekends, however, Hi-Spec’s owner Darren Grainger and his brother Gavin indulge their lifelong passion for music by milling electric guitar bodies from solid wood.
Initially the brothers used CAD files downloaded from the internet but latterly they have produced five designs of their own, including one for a bass guitar. It is a hobby that is proving lucrative, as some of the instruments sell both at home and abroad for up to £3,500 under the brand name Grainger Guitars (www.graingerguitars.com), owned jointly by the brothers.
“To produce the guitar bodies, necks and other parts from wood, we now mainly use a Hurco VM30i machining centre and sometimes also a smaller VM5i, both threeaxis models that were installed in 2017,” said Gavin Grainger.
“However, we started out two years earlier using other machines and began selling guitars in 2016 at exhibitions around the UK.
“All that’s needed is to wipe down the machine table on Saturday morning and block off the coolant nozzles to prevent ingress of sawdust. When we’ve finished profiling wooden components, we simply vacuum out any wood residue, clean down the machine, uncover the coolant holes and we’re ready to cut metal again on Monday morning.”
A large and exotic array of woods is used in the creation of the guitar bodies. Early materials were maple, alder and poplar, but lately the Grainger brothers have introduced swamp ash, mahogany, ebony, wenge, walnut, buckeye burl, limba, purpleheart and some wood/resin composites. Pearl and stone materials are also machined on the Hurcos for the marquetry inlays.
Router cutters were used at the outset but solid carbide end mills and ball nose mills designed for machining aluminium were found to produce a much better result, as the sharpness of the cutters virtually eliminates burrs and produces a fine surface finish. It is consistent with the final use of ultra-fine, 2000 grit sandpaper with an average particle diameter of 10 microns to smooth the wooden components prior to the application of multiple coats of gun barrel oil to achieve a lustrous finish.
Everything for the guitars is manufactured in-house, including all metal components, apart from the pickups and their associated electronics. Unlike the wooden elements, the turned and milled metal parts are sold to other guitar builders worldwide over the internet via www.graingerguitarparts.com, forming another profitable sideline.
“In 2015, we invested in a second 5-axis machining centre from Hurco, a VM10Ui, and at the same time upgraded the control software on a similar, pre-existing model to the manufacturer’s WinMax 10,” said Darren Grainger. “The 5-axis machines are used mainly for producing components using 3-plus-2-axis strategies programmed conversationally directly at the control.
“Two years later we installed the VM5 and part-exchanged a small Hurco VM1 machining centre for the VM30i with a 1,270 x 508 x 508mm working volume so that we could produce larger metal parts for rock crushers. It is this machine that is also the mainstay of wooden component manufacture for our guitars.”
He added that the Hurco control system on the latest machines has a smoother, more convenient touchscreen graphical user interface. Scrolling through fewer menus allows the operator to arrive at the required screen more quickly. Even a simple operation like entering a code to jog the axes while the doors are open is easier, without having to go through the diagnostics screen.
In addition, WinMax 10 software enables faster cycles through the use of Hurco’s Ultimotion and Adaptipath control software, which has powerful look-ahead and optimisation capabilities that reduce cycle times, especially when milling the corners of multiple pockets. The tool change optimisation feature is also helpful, as it automatically rationalises the number of cutter exchanges for optimal efficiency.
“We have been able to save a lot of machining time through a combination of the latest Hurco software plus the use of trochoidal milling with solid rather than inserted carbide end mills,” said Darren Grainger.
“In some instances, we have more than halved cycle times. For example, we produce batches of 38 puller ends for hydraulic tooling two at a time from EN24T billets in two operations on the VM30i in a cycle that previously took more than four hours.
“Now, taking a 16mm depth of cut with a solid carbide, 12mm diameter end mill at 6m/ min feed rate, and using Hurco’s twin nozzle coolant delivery together with the standard air blast facility, which incidentally is used on its own when machining wooden components, the same job takes approximately two hours.
“In another case, production of a steel matrix used to take 40 and 35 minutes for ops 1 and 2 respectively, which have been reduced by an even greater percentage to 17 and 12 minute cycles.”
Hi-Spec Precision Engineering is continuing to grow, despite operating with fewer staff compared with two years ago, so profitability is up. The hydraulics sector accounts for around 40% of turnover, with components machined frequently finding their way into hydraulic actuators and valves, rock crushers and access platforms. Automotive and agricultural parts are also routinely produced at the Market Overton factory.
Batch sizes range from one-off to hundreds for prismatic machining, while production runs on the company’s six CNC lathes can be in the thousands. The customer base extends from the south coast of England across to Norfolk and as far north as Scotland.
